Description
CAR will fly in 2022-2025 for the NASA’s Student Airborne Science Activation (SaSa) project. GSFC scientists and engineers will operate CAR together with
CAR_ARCTAS_L1C
ARCTAS focuses on advancing understanding of the factors driving current changes in the Arctic region including transport of mid-latitude pollution, boreal forest fires, aerosol radiative forcing, and chemical processes. ARCTAS aimed to use detailed observations from aircraft to provide the validation, retrieval constraints, correlative data, and process information needed to better achieve the potential of satellites for Arctic research. The plan is for the combination of satellite and aircraft data to provide together powerful information for constraining and evaluating models of Arctic atmospheric composition and climate, and thus improve model projections of future change.
CAR_ARMCAS_BRDF
The Arctic Radiation Measurement in Column Atmosphere-surface System (ARMCAS) was a collaborative research effort between the Cloud and Aerosol Research (CAR) Group, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington (led by Professor Peter V. Hobbs) and Drs. Michael King and Si-Chee Tsay of NASA/Goddard. The field portion of ARMCAS was based out of Deadhorse, Alaska, from June 3-15, 1995. Flights of the University of Washington's Convair C-131A research aircraft and NASA's ER-2 aircraft took place over the tundra of the North Slope and over the partially ice-covered Beaufort Sea. Several of these flights were closely coordinated in order to provide simultaneous in situ and remote sensing measurements of arctic clouds. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_CLAMS_BRDF
CLAMS is the Chesapeake Lighthouse and Aircraft Measurements for Satellites field campaign sponsored by CERES, MISR, MODIS-Atmospheres and the NASA/GEWEX Global Aerosol Climatology Project (GACP). The centerpiece of CLAMS is the Chesapeake Lighthouse sea platform 20 km east of Virginia Beach, at which NASA and NOAA make continuous, long-term measurements of radiation, meteorology, and ocean waves. Members of the CERES, MISR and MODIS instrument teams are collaborating to accomplish a common set of objectives tied to the validation of EOS data products. The CLAMS campaign took place in July-August 2001 to validate Terra data products from a shortwave closure experiment targeting clear (cloud-free) sky conditions and focused on obtaining: 1. more accurate spectral and broadband radiative fluxes at the surface and within the atmosphere, 2. characterization of ocean optics in the vicinity of the lighthouse, and 3. description of the atmospheric aerosol amounts, micro-physical and optical properties, and their variability. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_CLASIC_BRDF
CLASIC (Cloud and Land Surface Interaction Campaign) focuses on advancing the understanding of how land surface processes influence cumulus convection. CLASIC was conducted in the Southern Great Plains (SGP – a region comprising Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) of the United States during June 2007. The SGP site consists of in situ and remote-sensing instrument clusters arrayed across approximately 55,000 square miles (143,000 square kilometers) in north-central Oklahoma, making it the largest and most extensive climate research field site in the world. The CAR flew aboard Sky Research Jetstream-31 and measured spectral and angular distribution of scattered light by clouds and aerosols, and provided bidirectional reflectance of various surfaces, and imagery of cloud and Earth surface features. By making such diverse measurements, our goal is to widen the audience of potential end-users and to foster collaborations among campaign participants and with outside users. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_CLASIC_L1C
CLASIC (Cloud and Land Surface Interaction Campaign) focuses on advancing the understanding of how land surface processes influence cumulus convection. The CAR flew aboard Sky Research Jetstream-31 and measured spectral and angular distribution of scattered light by clouds and aerosols, and provided bidirectional reflectance of various surfaces, and imagery of cloud and Earth surface features. By making such diverse measurements, our goal is to widen the audience of potential end-users and to foster collaborations among campaign participants and with outside users.
CAR_DISCOVERAQ_L1C
DISCOVER-AQ, a NASA Earth Venture program funded mission, stands for Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality. In recent years, progress in reaching air quality goals has begun to plateau for many locations. Furthermore, near-surface pollution is one of the most challenging problems for Earth observations from space. However, with an improved ability to monitor pollution from satellites from DISCOVER-AQ, scientists could make better air quality forecasts, more accurately determine the sources of pollutants in the air and more closely determine the fluctuations in emissions levels. In short, the more accurate data scientists have at hand, the better society is able to deal effectively with lingering pollution problems.
CAR_ECO3D_L1C
This study promotes the understanding of vegetation response to changing forcing factors such as climate, storm frequency, and management practices, and is directly traceable to missions such as MODIS, MISR, and ICESat-2.
CAR_ECO3D_BRDF
This study provide critical measurements on 3-dimensional structure of vegetation, which is important for quantifying the amount of carbon stored in biomass. It promotes the understanding of vegetation response to changing forcing factors such as climate, storm frequency, and management practices, and is directly traceable to missions such as MODIS, MISR, and ICESat-2.During the ECO-3D mission in 2011, the CAR instrument was flown aboard the NASA P-3 and obtained measurements of bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) over forests ranging from Boreal to tropical wetlands covering sites from Quebec to Southern Florida. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_FIREACE_BRDF
The scientific objectives of FIRE/ACE are to study impact of Arctic clouds on radiation exchange between surface, atmosphere, and space, and the influence of surface characteristics of sea ice, leads, and ice melt ponds on these clouds. FIRE/ACE will attempt to document, understand, and predict the Arctic cloud-radiation feedbacks, including changes in cloud fraction and vertical distribution, water vapor cloud content, cloud particle concentration and size, and cloud phase as atmospheric temperature and chemical composition change. FIRE/ACE uses the data to focus on improving current climate model simulations of the Arctic climate, especially with respect to clouds and their effects on the surface energy budget. In addition, FIRE/ACE addresses a number of scientific questions dealing with radiation, cloud microphysics, and atmospheric chemistry. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_INTEXB_L1C
INTEX-B (Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-Phase B) focuses on the long-range transport of pollution, global atmospheric photochemistry, and the effects of aerosols and clouds on radiation and climate. It has two phases: phase 1 of the study was performed in Mexico from March 1-20, 2006, and phase 2 was performed in April and May and focused on Asian City pollution outflow over the western Pacific.
CAR_KUWAITOILFIRE_BRDF
CAR Kuwait Oil Fire mission measured bidirectional reflectance function of smoke from Kuwait oil fires during the Kuwait Oil Fire Smoke Experiment. Measurements were also taken over the Saudi Arabian desert with overlying desert dust, and Persian Gulf waters with some overlying aerosols. This experiment was a part of an international research effort in response to an environmental crisis, when over 600 oil wells in Kuwait were ignited by Iraqi forces in 1991. The resulting fires produced large plumes of smoke that had significant effects on the Persian Gulf region but limited global effects. Between May 16 and June 12, 1991, the Kuwait Oil Fire Smoke Experiment (KOFSE) was conducted in the Persian Gulf Region. The purpose of KOFSE was to determine the chemical and physical nature of the smoke and to investigate its potential effects on air quality, weather, and climate. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_LEADEX_BRDF
CAR LEADEX mission measured bidirectional reflectance functions for four common arctic surfaces: snow covered sea ice, melt season sea ice, snow covered tundra, and tundra shortly after snowmelt. The measurements show how the reflectance differs amongst the mentioned arctic surfaces and provides insights into the variability of albedo in the arctic. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_SAFARI_BRDF
The Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI) 2000 is an international science field campaign aimed at developing a better understanding of the southern Africa earth-atmosphere-human system. The goal of SAFARI 2000 is to identify and understand the relationship between the physical, chemical, biological, and anthropogenic processes that underlie the biogeophysical and biogeochemical systems of southern Africa. Particular emphasis will be placed upon biogenic, pyrogenic, and anthropogenic emissions - their characterization and quantification, their transport and transformations in the atmosphere, their influence on regional climate and meteorology, their eventual deposition, and the effects of this deposition on ecosystems. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_SCARA_BRDF
The objectives for the SCAR mission are to advance our knowledge of how the physical, chemical and radiative processes in our atmosphere are affected by sulfate aerosol and smoke from biomass burning; to improve our expertise at remotely sensing smoke, water vapor, clouds, vegetation and fires; and to assess the effects of deforestation and biomass burning on tropical landscapes. The SCAR-A campaign occurred in western Atlantic Ocean. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_SCARA_L1C
The objectives for the SCAR mission are to advance our knowledge of how the physical, chemical and radiative processes in our atmosphere are affected by sulfate aerosol and smoke from biomass burning; to improve our expertise at remotely sensing smoke, water vapor, clouds, vegetation and fires; and to assess the effects of deforestation and biomass burning on tropical landscapes. The SCAR-B campaign occurred in western Atlantic Ocean.
CAR_SCARB_BRDF
The objectives for the SCAR mission are to advance our knowledge of how the physical, chemical and radiative processes in our atmosphere are affected by sulfate aerosol and smoke from biomass burning; to improve our expertise at remotely sensing smoke, water vapor, clouds, vegetation and fires; and to assess the effects of deforestation and biomass burning on tropical landscapes. The SCAR-B campaign occurred in Brazil. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_SKUKUZA_BRDF
CAR mission Skukuza measured bidirectional reflection functions over different natural surfaces and ecosystems in southern Africa. The measurements were conducted to characterize surface anisotropy in support of the CAR SAFARI mission and to validate products from NASA's Earth Observing System satellites. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_SKUKUZA_L1C
CAR mission Skukuza measured bidirectional reflection functions over different natural surfaces and ecosystems in southern Africa. The measurements were conducted to characterize surface anisotropy in support of the CAR SAFARI mission and to validate products from NASA’s Earth Observing System satellites.
CAR_SNOWEX17_BRDF
SnowEx is a multi-year airborne project to help advance capabilities, and plan for a near-future space mission to monitor global seasonal snow water equivalent - currently an inconsistently collected and difficult-to-obtain data point that scientists say is critical to understanding the world's water resources. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
CAR_SNOWEX17_L1C
SnowEx is a multi-year airborne project to help advance capabilities, and plan for a near-future space mission to monitor global seasonal snow water equivalent — currently an inconsistently collected and difficult-to-obtain data point that scientists say is critical to understanding the world’s water resources.
CAR_TARFOX_BRDF
CAR TARFOX mission collected data in the western Atlantic Ocean on the effects of tropospheric aerosols on radiation budgets in cloud free skies. The mission also measured the chemical, physical, and optical properties of aerosols. In July 1996, CAR data were collected aboard the University of Washington C-131A aircraft over the forested Great Dismal Swamp wetlands south of Norfolk, Virginia and the Atlantic Ocean approximately 340 km offshore of Richmond, Virginia. This data set consists of observations made with the CAR instrument and includes values for bidirectional reflectance factor at varying spectral bands.
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License
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Documentation
https://car.gsfc.nasa.gov/
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How to Cite
NASA CAR Project was accessed on DATE from https://registry.opendata.aws/nasa-car.